李商隐学杜诗新论.PDF

畫大中文學報第十五期 2001 年 12 月頁 91-146 薑灣大學中國文學系 李商隱學杜詩新論 方瑜* 提要 李商隱詩學杜甫，雖已為前人之共識，但究竟如何學杜?在傳承摸擬之中，如 何創新、建立個人獨特的詩風、自成晚唐唯美之重鎮?值得細加探究。 本文試從全面觀照，歸納重點，分為「美麗與哀愁一一對比形構的魅惑」、「物 象與感覺一一移情賦物的緻密與深化」、「議論與神韻一一虛實真幻間之妙舞」三方 面，以詩篇為例，加以析論;並指出:對生命本質痛苦的体認，以及對這種痛苦決 不逃避的承擔，是李商隱最根源性的學杜。杜甫與李商隱在唐代詩人中最其有悲劇 精神。 因為盛唐與晚唐時代的不同與個性的差異，李商隱詩與杜甫詩之不同，文中也 特別著墨，以詩篇分析，比較呈現。希望對生於「大家」之後的作者，如何用心發 展營構自己的風格，能更加細緻、深入的瞭解。 關鍵詞:李商隱、杜甫、學杜 本文 90.9.24 收稿， 90.1 1. 14 審查通過。 牢固立臺灣大學中國文學系教授 A Critical Study ofLi Shang-Yins 扎10delling after Tu Fu FangYu Abstract It is generally agreed that Li Shang-yins poet可 models after Tu Fus. However, the following topics still want for thorough study: how does Li model after Tu? What is the innovation in the poetry of Li while following and imitating Tu? How does Li form his own unique poetic style and become a major writer in the trend of of beauty-saturated literature in late Tang period. This essay strives to present an overall perspective , and to deduce some crutial ideas. It is divided into three parts: beauty and sorrow--enchantment formed by contrast , imagery and sensibility-fineness and depth bestowing on objects by means of empathy, discourse and spirituality fascinating dance of fantasy and reality. Their poems will be employed as examples and be analyzed in details. The most fundamental thing that Li learns from Tu is his realization that suffering is the essence of life and that one should take the responsibility and never shun from the suffering. Among Tang poets , Tu and Li are the ones whose tragic sense is the strongest. This essay also emphasizes the difference between Lis and Tus poetry, which is rooted in the diversity of styles