基于主成分―聚类分析评价崩岗洪积扇土壤施肥效应.docVIP

基于主成分―聚类分析评价崩岗洪积扇土壤施肥效应 　　摘要：崩岗产生的大量沙石使洪积扇位置土壤受到不良影响，土壤肥力下降。为了比较不同施肥方式对土壤肥力的改良效果，采用室外采样结合室内分析的方法，选择安溪县龙门镇崩岗洪积扇5种施肥方式下的土样进行研究，通过分析土壤的基本理化性质（颗粒组成、pH、CEC、有机质以及氮磷钾含量），利用这些指标进行主成分分析，同时结合系统聚类方法对不同施肥方式进行肥力评价。结果表明，主成分分析中不同施肥方式下的土壤肥力综合得分由高到低依次为：施厩肥、施沼液肥+绿肥、施沼液肥、施化肥、对照。崩岗洪积扇通过长期的施肥，土壤肥力水平均得到了提高，其中以施厩肥和施沼液肥+绿肥的改良效果最好。同时，采用系统聚类分析对主成分分析的结果进行验证，土壤肥力最高的施肥方式是施厩肥和施沼液肥+绿肥；其次是施化肥和施沼液肥；最差的是对照区土壤，2种方法所得结果一致。 　　关键词：崩岗；洪积扇；施肥方式；主成分分析；聚类分析；土壤肥力 　　中图分类号：S157.4+1；S158.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）14-3569-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.14.010 　　Abstract： By a great number of sand from collapsing gully， the soil on alluvial fan of collapsing gully had been adversely affected， and the soil fertility had declined. In order to compare the effect of different fertilization methods on soil fertility improvement， the combined outdoor sampling with laboratory analysis were studied， choicing five kinds of soil samples under different fertilization methods from alluvial fan in Anxi Longmen town to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties， including particle composition， pH， CEC， organic matter， and nutrient content. And the principal component analysis with clustering analysis to analyze different fertilization fertility evaluation were combined. The results of the principal component analysis showed that with different fertilization methods， the soil fertility composite scores from high to low in turn were： manure， biogas fertilizer and green manure， biogas fertilizer， fertilizers， controls. By the long-term fertilization， the soil fertility levels were improved， particularly add manure and green manure. Then， using the cluster analysis to verify the results of the principal component analysis， and the best were manure， biogas fertilizer and green manure； The followed was biogas fertilizer； the third was the control. The two kinds of methods were consistent with the results. 　　Key words： collapsing gully； alluvial fan； fertilization way； principal component analysis；