Unit3 Life in the future 语法剖析学案（人教版必修五）.docVIP

Unit 3 Life in the future 语法·剖析 本单元的主要语法项目是过去分词作状语和定语。 一、过去分词 过去分词有两大特点：一是表被动的概念；二是表动作已完成。过去分词在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者。 二、过去分词作状语的用法 过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语： 分类 说明 举例 时间状语 可用于时间状语从句，也可在过去分 词前加上连词“when，while，until” 等，使其时间意义更明确。 1）Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful. =When it is seen from the hill，the parks are very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。 2）Don’t speak until spoken to. =Don’t speak until you are spoken to. 当别人和你讲话时，你才能讲话。 原因状语 可用于原因状语从句或并列结构。 Touched by his teacher’s words，the boy cried. =The boy was touched by his teacher’s words,so he cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。 条件状语 可加连词if，unless等转换成条件状语从句。 Given more time，we could do it much better. （=If we were given more time，we could do it much better.） 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。 让步状语 有时可加although，though，even if，even though，whether...or等连词转换成让步状语从句。 Though warned of the storm，the farmers were still working in the fields. =Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. 虽然农民们已被告知将有风暴，但他们仍然在地里干活。 方式伴 随状语 加and可转换成并列结构从句。 The teacher entered the classroom，followed by a group of his students. =The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students. 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。 三、学习过去分词作定语时，注意过去分词所在的位置 单独的过去分词作定语 常常置于其所修饰的名词前 You should improve your spoken English. 过去分词短语作定语 常常置于其所修饰的名词后 He is a teacher respected by all his students. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语 当与其所修饰的名词构成逻 辑上的动宾关系时，必须在该 动词后使用必要的介词 He is the student laughed at by all people just now. all of the books he was carrying, along with a baseball bat and several other things. Mark 1 down and helped the boy pick up these articles. 2 they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of them for him. As they walked Mark 3 the boys name was Bill, that he 4 computer games, baseball and history, that he was having a lot of 5 with his other subjects and that he had just broken 6 with his girlfriend. They arrived at Bills home first and Mark was 7