【人教版】高中英语选修六：Unit 4 Global warming 语法探究.docVIP

Unit 4 Global warming 语法探究 1. It is/was well-known that…众所周知。例如： It is well-known that Taiwan belongs to China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。 It is well-known that the Great Wall is the longest wall in the world. 众所周知，长城是世界上最长的墙。 [思维拓展] 在这个句型中，that引导的是主语从句，此句型可以转换为as引导的定语从句， It is/was well-known that…相当于as we all know。例如; As we all know, the Great Wall is the longest wall in the world. 众所周知，长城是世界上最长的墙。 [问题探究] 你还知道类似的结构吗？ 提示：常见的结构有：It is hoped that… 人们希望；It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…人们相信。例如： It is said that he died from cancer last month. 据说，他上个月死于癌症。 It is reported that that singer has been in prison for one year. 据报道，那位歌星曾经坐过一年监。 ［考题链接］_________is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001NMET) A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：答案为B。本句中间有逗号，所以不能选A。 2.强调句型 强调句型使用十要素 一、如果强调句型指现在或未来情况用It is，指过去情况用It was。 二、被强调部分往往是句子的主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语，但有时也可强调比较复杂的内容，如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、not until...、not only...but also...、...as well as...等结构。 三、被强调部分是人称代词时，原句用什么格，强调句也用什么格。 四、被强调部分如果是主格人称代词时，who/that后的动词应和该主格人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。 五、关于强调词的选用，强调人时可用who或that；如果不强调人一律用that。此时绝不能和定语从句混淆，被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语或者原因状语时不能误用when、where或why。 例1：It was him who/that I saw the day before yesterday. 析：该句原句为：I saw him the day before yesterday.该句指过去情况，所以强调句型应使用It was开头；被强调部分为原句宾语-宾格人称代词him，所以强调句型仍用him作被强调部分；被强调部分指人，所以用who或that。 例2：It was in the street that I met him yesterday. 析：该句原句为：I met him in the street yesterday.该句仍指过去情况，所以强调句型仍以It was开头，被强调部分虽为地点状语，但不能用where,只能用that。 例3：It was because he was seriously ill that he died. 析：该句原句为：He died because he was seriously ill.被强调部分为结构复杂的原因状语从句，但不能用why，只能用that。 六、强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is /Was it…who／that…? 例4：Was it during the Second World War that he died？ 析：该句虽不以It was开头，而以Was it开头，是强调句型的一般疑问句形式。所以当被强调部分为时间状语时，应用that。 七、强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is /was it that…?(强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词) 例5：Where was it that you found your lost pen？ 析：该句虽以Where开头，但后边的was it仍说明该句使用的是强调句型，被强调部分为特殊疑问词where，表地点，所以应使用that。 八、强调句型中的is /wa