王淼-综述.docVIP

混沌理论初步及其数值求解 学生：王淼 班级：0901112 学号：09 指导教师：周林华 二零一二年12月---二零一三年一月 混沌理论初步及其数值求解 Chaos theory and its preliminary numerical solution （ 长春理工大学 理学院 信息与计算科学 王淼 ） 摘要 ： 混沌理论（Chaos theory）是关于非线性系统在一定参数条件下展现分岔（bifurcation）、周期运动与非周期运动相互纠缠，以至于通向某种非周期有序运动的理论。在耗散系统和保守系统中，混沌运动有不同表现，前者有吸引子，后者无（也称含混吸引子）。从20世纪80年代中期到20世纪末，混沌理论迅速吸引了数学、物理、工程、生态学、经济学、气象学、情报学等诸多领域学者有关注，引发了全球混沌热。混沌，也写作浑沌（比如《庄子》）。自然科学中讲的浑沌运动指，确定性系统中展示的一种貌似随机的行为或性态。确定性（deterministic）是指方程不含随机项的系统，也称动力系统(dynamical system)。典型的模型有logistic迭代系统，洛伦兹（E.Lorenz）微分方程系统，若斯功吸引子，杜芬方程（Duffing equation）等。 关键词：混沌理论 混沌动力学 蝴蝶效应 非线性科学 Abstract: Chaos theory, Chaos guys is about nonlinear systems under certain parameter conditions show bifurcation (bifurcation) mutual involution, cycle and non - cycle movement, and that leads to a non - cycle and orderly movement of the theory. In a dissipative system and conservative system, chaos movement have different performance, the former has attractor, the latter (also referred to as effectively attractor). From the mid 1980 s to the end of the 20 th century, chaos theory quickly attracted mathematics, physics, engineering, ecology, economics, meteorology, science, and many other scholars have attention, triggered a global chaos. Chaos, chaos and writing (such as zhuang zi). In the chaos of natural science movement refers to, in the deterministic system shows a kind of seemingly random behavior or behavior. Uncertainty (deterministic) refers to the equation does not contain random item system, also called dynamic system (dynamical system). Typical model with logistic iterative systems, lorenz (E.L orenz) differential equation systems, if work attractor, Duffing equation (Duffing equation), etc. Keywords: chaos theory, chaotic dynamics butterfly effect of nonlinear science 一、定