Measurements and Models of the Atmospheric ArN2 ratio对大气arn2比测量和模型.pptVIP

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Measurements and Models of the Atmospheric ArN2 ratio对大气arn2比测量和模型.ppt

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Measurements and Models of the Atmospheric ArN2 ratio对大气arn2比测量和模型

Where has all the Carbon Gone?Atmospheric oxygen, carbon fluxes and the implications for climate change. Mark Battle (Bowdoin College) Michael Bender (Princeton) Ralph Keeling (Scripps Institute of Oceanography) Pieter Tans (NOAA/CMDL) Jesse Bastide, Carrie Simonds, Blake Sturtevant, Becca Perry Organizing Principle: Organizing Principle: Outline: Context: Climate Change CO2 as an agent of change Where does the CO2 go? How does O2 tell us this? The basic answer A more refined answer Related work in progress Why should we care about climate change? “An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world…” “…most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.” “ Anthropogenic climate change will persist for many centuries.” “Emissions of greenhouse gases… continue to alter the atmosphere in ways that are expected to affect the climate.” Why CO2? Why CO2? “ The atmospheric concentration of CO2 has increased by 31% since 1750. The present CO2 concentration has not been exceeded during the past 420,000 years and likely not during the past 20 million years. The current rate of increase is unprecedented during at least the past 20,000 years.” Where does anthropogenic CO2 end up? Recap: The planet is warming Human activities are to blame CO2 is the primary culprit Future buildup depends on Atm vs. Land vs. Ocean Land/Ocean partition is tough to measure The link between O2 and CO2 O2/N2 changes are small Graphically… Graphically… Graphically… Graphically… Graphically… Ships of opportunity Research Vessels Automatic Air Recovery Device Version ARK-5 Our measurement technique: IRMS (Finnigan Delta+XL) 32/28 and 40/28 (as well as 44/28 and 29/28) Custom dual-inlet system Indirect comparison with standards Is it really that simple? Longer records from more sites… Longer records from more sites+Solubility correction+Stratification correction?Ocean uptake = 1.7 ± 0.5Net Land uptake = 1.0 ± 0.6(1994