Measures of Reliability in Sports Medicine and Science体育医学与科学的可靠性措施.pptVIP

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Measures of Reliability in Sports Medicine and Science体育医学与科学的可靠性措施.ppt

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Measures of Reliability in Sports Medicine and Science体育医学与科学的可靠性措施

Measures of Reliability in Sports Medicine and Science Will G. Hopkins Sports Medicine 30(4): 1-25, 2000 Measurement Error Reliability Measurement error makes observed value differ from the true value. Reliability refers to reproducibility of values in repeated trials on the same subjects. The purpose is to quantify random error or ‘noise’. The smaller the random error, the better the measure. Measures of Reliability Within-Subject Variation Affects the precision of estimates of change in the variable of an experiment. The smaller the within-subject variation, the easier it is to measure change in performance. Change in the Mean has two components: Random change due to sampling error Systematic change (learning or training effect) Retest Correlation-- represents how closely one trail matches another trial. Within-Subject Variation Within-subject variation is the random variation in an individual over trials. Given 6 trials of subject 1: 71, 76, 74, 79, 79, 76 The sd of the the within-subject variation is called the standard error of measurement (SEM). The SEM represents the ‘typical error’. ‘Typical Error’ To estimate ‘typical error’ use many subjects and a few trials. Computing Typical Error Compute difference scores Compute SD of difference scores Divide SD of difference by Typical Error as a Percentage For many measures the typical error gets bigger as the value gets bigger. Athlete 1 has a mean typical error of: 378.6 ? 4.4 Athlete 2 has a mean typical error of: 453.1 ? 6.1 When the typical error is expressed as a percent of their respective means the values are similar: 1.2 and 1.3% This form of typical error is a Coefficient of Variation. Since it is a dimensionless measure it allows direct comparison of reliability. Change in the Mean The change in the mean as a measure of reliability is has two components: Random change due to sampling error. Systematic change due to: learning effects, fatigue, lack of motivation or training effects. Be sure to give t