Physics 60 Molecular Biophysics Union College物理60分子生物物理学联合学院.pptVIP

Physics 200Molecular Biophysics Jay Newman N315 X6506 Open office hours The state of Biophysics Biophysical Society annual meeting 1976 700 papers 1986 1500 papers 2013 4200 papers Growth is due to New technologies: Computers for data collection, analysis, imaging Lasers and new techniques Accelerator biophysics Improved biochemical purification methods Successes and growing interest: Biophysics/BioTech/NanoBiology is new hot field of science – funding increases Very broad range of discipline Attracts scientists, engineers, medical researchers Basic Philosophy Laws of Physics (including Chemistry) can explain all biological phenomena Problem: The phenomena are very complex Two general approaches: “wholistic” – entire organism or organ systems – includes sensory organs = eye, ear, taste; heart, kidney, etc, imaging methods “component/synthesis” – structure/function of purified parts and re-assembly of complex – includes macromolecules – protein, DNA, RNA, lipids, viruses subcellular – membranes, organelles cellular – specialized cells = muscle, nerve; motility; development; communication Common Theme: use many different techniques and everything known about your system – all in parallel studies Bacteria Physical Properties Length ~ 1 mm – or 1/1000 mm Mass ~ 2 pg (2 x 10-12g) - or 0.1% of red blood cell DNA mass ~ 3% of total Length of DNA ~ 1 mm – note human DNA ~ 2 m Number of proteins ~ 3000 (but 10,000 copies of some) – about 10 x more in humans Life cycle time ~ 20 minutes at 37oC Plasmid, or extranuclear DNA, ~ 1 – 20 per bacteria flagella DNA See Howard Berg bio on website A physics problem with bacteria Locomotion - self propelled via flagella. Life at low Reynolds number R = inertial forces/viscous forces (= Lrv/h) Swimming whales R ~ 108 Swimming bacteria R ~ 10-6 So, bacteria do not glide – when flagella stop so do bacteria Bacteria swim and tumble Random swim model Chemotaxis – attractants, repellants What is the molecular mec