Plant Structures Roots, Stems, and Leaves植物结构的根茎叶.pptVIP

* * * * * * * Plant StructuresRoots, Stems, and Leaves What are plants? Photosynthetic ,eukaryotic , multi-cellular organisms . The plant structure can be classified into two major regions : The shoot system (stem and leaves); located above ground The roots (located underground) Specialized Organs in Plants Stems Support for the plant body Carries nutrients throughout plant Defense system to protect against predators and infection Few millimeters to 100 meters Two Main Types of Stems Herbaceous Stem Green, fairly bendable Woody Stem Covered with bark Specialized Organs in Plants Leaves Main photosynthetic systems Susceptible to extreme drying Sight of oxygen/carbon dioxide intake and release Specialized Organs in Plants Roots Absorbs water and nutrients Anchor plant to the ground Hold soil in place and prevent erosion Protect from soil bacteria Transport water and nutrients Provide upright support Specialized Tissues in Plants Plant tissue systems Exist within the root, stems, and leaves Dermal tissue Vascular tissue Ground tissue Specialized Tissues in Plants Dermal Tissue Outer covering Single layer of cells acts as protection Specialized Tissues in Plants Vascular Tissue Transport System Subsystems Xylem Phloem Subsystems are used to carry fluids throughout plant Vascular Tissue System Xylem -carries water from the roots to the rest of the plant. Phloem- carries sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant Kinds of Plants There are two kinds of plants; non-vascular plants which don’t have xylem and phloem and vascular plants which do have xylem and phloem. Specialized Tissues in Plants Ground Tissue (cortex) Cells between dermal and vascular tissue Provides structure Sometimes involved in photosynthesis Common Types of Plant Tissue Parenchyma Thin cell walls, large vacuoles Collenchyma Strong, flexible cell walls Sclerenchyma Extremely thick, rigid cell walls Stem Structure Composed of three tissue layers Dermal tissue-protection Vascular t