Red Wine and its Cardiovascular Effects红酒及其心血管效应.pptVIP

Red Wine and its Cardiovascular Effects By: Mary C. Lawrence How Antioxidants Work How Antioxidants Work cont. Wine Antioxidants cont. Wine Antioxidants cont. LDL Uptake into cells How LDL is Oxidized How Atherosclerotic Lesions Occur in Arteries Atherosclerotic Lesion cont. Anticoagulant activity Anticoagulant Activity cont. Vascular Relaxation NO-cGMP Pathway Differences in wine The Future? References References cont. * * Why the interest in red wine? “French Paradox” Loaded with natural health aids Cholesterol Detoxifier Anticoagulant Artery Relaxant Lowest rate of cardiac disease mortality Fairly high intake of saturated fatty acids Saturated fats and oils contain many double bonds or 30 hydrogen which are easily targeted for auto-oxidation Auto-oxidation leads to hydroperoxides which can dissociate rapidly because the RO-OR bond dissociation energy is ~35 kcal/mol which is lower than most bonds Auto-oxidation R3CH + O-O R3COOH R3CO-OH R3CO + OH Antioxidants inhibit auto-oxidation of the free radical groups Antioxidants are usually phenol compounds (aromatic ring with -OH group attached) Phenols make good radical scavengers because the radical products are resonance-stabilized so they are then non-reactive compare to other radicals Wine Antioxidants Phenolic Acids Flavonols Gallic acid Quercetin Benzoic acid Anthocyanins Malvidin Cyanidin Condensed Tannins Wine as a cholesterol detoxifier antioxidants help inhibit the oxidation and cytotocicity of low-density lipoprotiens Taken from 1. LDL binds to receptor 2. Receptor-LDL complex internalized by endocytosis 3. Fusion with lysosomes--LDL hydrolyzed 4. Regulatory actions Taken from Stryer Ed. 2 (p. 472) Taken from Taken from Taken from Anthocyanosides Protective role on collagen structures Inhibit enzymes from breaking down collagen Supports existing collagen structures Proanthocyanidins Protect single layer cells of capillaries Reinforce collagen structure