Tape is Dead Disk is Tape Flash is Disk RAM Locality is 磁带是死磁盘是磁带闪存是磁盘内存的地方是.pptVIP

Tape is DeadDisk is TapeFlash is DiskRAM Locality is King Jim Gray Microsoft December 2006 Tape Is DeadDisk is Tape 1TB disks are available 10+ TB disks are predicted in 5 years Unit disk cost: ~$400 → ~$80 But: ~ 5..15 hours to read (sequential) ~15..150 days to read (random) Need to treat most of disk as  Cold-storage archive FLASH Storage? 1995 16 Mb NAND flash chips2005 16 Gb NAND flashDoubled each year since 1995 Market driven by Phones, Cameras, iPod,…Low entry-cost,~$30/chip → ~$3/chip 2012 1 Tb NAND flash == 128 GB chip== 1TB or 2TB “disk”