The rise of German nationalism TypePad德国民族主义的兴起Typepad.pptVIP

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The rise of German nationalism TypePad德国民族主义的兴起Typepad.ppt

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The rise of German nationalism TypePad德国民族主义的兴起Typepad

The Rise of German Nationalism 1830s-1870s The Unification of Germany This is a map of the German Confederation, which was established in 1815 and survived until 1867. Allies of nationalism The educated middle-class had become important to German society. They were the doctors, lawyers and business men, who helped make the German states prosperous. Across all 39 states, this middle-class wanted more rights and freedoms as German subjects to reflect their contribution to German states success. They wanted freedom of speech and an elected parliament that would represent their interests. They thought these ideals would best be realised and protected in a united Germany with a new constitution. By 1859, groups of doctors, lawyers, teachers and businessmen formed the Nationalverein. This organisation became the Liberal Party, which actively campaigned for reforms such as parliamentary elections. Economic nationalism Industrialisation was gaining pace in Germany. Businessmen wanted to increase the markets available for their goods to maximise profits. Most existing trade was between the 39 states but developing this was hampered by tariff barriers. A single Germany without so many taxes and tariffs would help trade and increase prosperity. In 1818 Prussia, the largest and most powerful German state, scrapped its trade tariffs between its own territories. The following year, it offered an economic alliance (Zollverein) with similar trade concessions to other German states. By 1836, 25 other German states had joined this economic alliance. Prussia developed its road and rail networks to maximise trade opportunities. This economic co-operation was so successful it made people think of political union. The opponents of nationalism 1) Austria The Austrian empire was extremely powerful in Europe and was competing politically and economically with the 39 German states. German nationalism might lead to unification of the states. This would make them stronger and more of a