Theory Applied to Practice理论应用于实践.pptVIP

Theory Applied to Practice Five Contemporary Theoretical Orientations ?2011, Brooks/ Cole Publishing, A Division of Cengage Learning, Inc. 1) The psychodynamic approaches 2) The experiential and relationship-oriented approaches 3) The cognitive behavioral approaches 4) The postmodern approaches 4) The family systems approaches Becoming A Helper - Chapter 6 (1) Psychoanalytic Approach ?2011, Brooks/ Cole Publishing, A Division of Cengage Learning, Inc. Longer-term exploration of personality Main goal: The restructuring of personality Emphasis on transference and countertransference Major techniques: Maintaining the analytic framework free association, interpretation, dream analysis, analysis of resistance, and analysis of transference Many other theoretical models have developed as reactions against psychoanalytic approach Becoming A Helper - Chapter 6(2) Adlerian Approach ?2011, Brooks/ Cole Publishing, A Division of Cengage Learning, Inc. Clients are viewed as creative, active, and decisional Stresses the individual’s positive capacities to live fully in society Therapeutic relationship is a collaborative partnership Social interest: A sense of identification with humanity, a feeling of belonging, and a concern with bettering society Becoming A Helper - Chapter 6(3) Adlerian Approach ?2011, Brooks/ Cole Publishing, A Division of Cengage Learning, Inc. Inferiority feelings, the wellspring of creativity, often motivate people to strive for mastery, superiority, and perfection Focus on challenging clients’ mistaken notions and faulty assumptions Emphasis on examining lifestyle and clients’ functioning in the life tasks Cognitive, behavioral, and experiential techniques are used (e.g., encouragement, early recollections, homework) Becoming A Helper - Chapter 6(4) Existential Approach ?2011, Brooks/ Cole Publishing, A Division of Cengage Learning, Inc. We define ourselves by our choices Freedom and responsibility go together Anxiety is part of the human conditio