Volumetric Analysis AcidBase Garbally Chemistry容量分析 garbally酸碱化学.pptVIP

Questions and Answers 1. Why is the vinegar diluted? To avoid a very small titre, which would reduce the accuracy of the experiment. Diluting the vinegar also reduces the amount of vinegar and the amount of sodium hydroxide solution needed in the experiment 2. Outline the correct procedure for bringing the solution in the volumetric flask precisely to the 250 cm3 mark. Fill the flask to within about 1 cm of the calibration mark, and then add the water dropwise, using a dropping pipette, until the bottom of the meniscus just rests on the calibration mark. 3. Outline the procedure used in preparing the burette so that it is ready for the first titration. Rinse the burette with deionised water, and then with diluted vinegar solution. Fill the burette with diluted vinegar solution above the zero mark. Remove the funnel. Using the tap at the base of the burette, allow the acid to flow into a beaker until the level of liquid is at the zero mark. Ensure that there are no air bubbles in the nozzle of the burette. 4. Give two other precautions which should be taken to ensure that the burette readings are accurate. Make sure that the burette is clamped vertically. Read the level of liquid in the burette by noting the lower level of the meniscus at eye level. 5. Why is phenolphthalein used as the indicator in this titration? Because this is a weak acid/strong base titration, and phenolphthalein is the only one of the commonly used indicators that changes colour in the appropriate pH range. 6. Why is a rough titration carried out? To find the approximate end-point. This information enables the subsequent titrations to be carried out more quickly. 7. What happens at the end point? The indicator changes colour from pink to colourless. 8. Why are three accurate titrations carried out? To reduce experimental error by calculating the average value. 9. Calculate the percentage (w/v) of ethanoic acid in the vi