Vortex lattice formation in a rotating BoseEinstein旋转玻色爱因斯坦的涡旋晶格形成.pptVIP

Bose-Einstein Condensation Eniko Lukacs Outline Gross - Pitaevskii / Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation Vortex - Antivortex Pair (Without Dissipation and with Dissipation) - Sound Energy, Vortex Energy - Trajectory - Translation Speed One vortex (Without Dissipation and With Dissipation) - Trajectory - Frequency of the motion - Connection between dissipation and friction constants in vortex dynamics Conclusions The Gross-Pitaevskii equation also called Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation The GPE governs the time evolution of the (macroscopic) complex wave function :Ψ(r,t) Boundary condition at infinity: Ψ(x,y) = 0 The wave function is normalized: = wave function = reduced Planck constant = dissipation [1] = chemical potential m = mass of an atom g = coupling constant [1] Tsubota et al, Phys.Rev. A65 023603-1 (2002) Vortex-antivortex pair(Without dissipation) Transfer of the energy from the vortices to the sound field Divide the kinetic energy (E) into a component due to the sound field Es and a component due to the vortices Ev [2] Procedure to find Ev at a particular time: 1. Compute the kinetic energy. 2. Take the real-time vortex distribution and impose this on a separate state with the same a) potential and b) number of particles 3. By propagating the GPE in imaginary time, the lowest energy state is