河流中潜流交换进展解剖.pdf

19 2 2008 3 ADVANCES IN WATER SCIENCE Vol 19, No 2 Mar. , 2008 金光球, 李 凌 ( , 210098) : ,; : 10 , 1 11 : ;; : TV131 3; G353 11 ;; :A , 2005 11 [ 1] 2007 5 ! , [ 3] [ 2] , , , , , ,, ;; : 1001 6791( 2008) 02 0285 09 , , , , , Malcolm Triska , [ 6] , , , 1 [ 5] 10% , [ 4] 98% [ 5] , : 2007 07 25 : : ( 1979- ) , , ( , , E mail: jingq02@ 126 com , 286 19 [ 11] , [ 12] , , 1 Fig 1 Schematic of the site of the hyporheic zone in straight river , [ 7, 10~ 12] ,, , pH [ 6] , [ 7] 12 -, , [ 8] , [ 13] , , , , , [ 11, 13, 14] ( ) ; 2( c) , 2( a) , 30 km 76% [ 2] [ 8] : ,; :( ) 2 ; 2( b) () [ 19] 2- ; Fig 2 Diagram showing vertical and lateral hyporheic exchanges of water between the stream and surrounding saturated sedi ments hyporheic zone ( shaded region) , : :( ) :, : , [ 15~ 18] , 2 [ 2] [ 13, 19] 2 Packman [ 20] Zhou Mendoza[ 21] 21 22 4 , , [ 13, 19, 22~ 24] , ( , , , ,, , : , , 3 , , ) [ 11, 19, 22] , , , 2 87 , ( ), , [ 25] ,; , 3 Fig 3 Schematic of pressure distribution and pore water flows be neath triangular bedform 4 [26] Fig 4 Schematic of the idealized movement of a bed form and the turnover exchange process 23 ,, , 5, ,, ;, ; ,, , [ 11, 19, 22] , 5 Elliot Brooks[ 19, 22] : , () ,; Fig 5 Schematic of pumping exchange and turnover exchange in the typical dune ; , Packman[ 11] ,, 2 88 3 , , , Packman[ 23] , [ 26] , 31 , ; Clarks Jonsson[ 2] , ,, 32 [ 19, 27] [ 8] Faunt leroy , , , ( [ 30] 33 34 , ) [ 8] Storey [ 29] ; Worman [ 31] Salehin [ 27] - ,, , [ 2] [ 32] , , , , ), , [ 33] Baxter [ 34] [ 34, 35] 19 , [ 28] , , , Wondzell , ; [ 28] , ( , 35 , , 17% 32% [ 36] ; , [ 27] [ 27] , 2 denas [ 36] , 36 , , , , , , : , , [ 36] , , , , , , , ; , , , 2 89 [ 3] Car Ren[ 37] , , ,, [ 38] ; [ 38] [ 45] , , 4 41 Elliott , Brooks[ 19] , , , [ 22] Packman , 42 , [ 42] Packman[ 17] , 6 - [ 22] [ 11] , : , , , , , , [ 38~ 40] Ren[ 40] : , ,, , , , , [ 11] ; , , , , , , ; [ 37, 38, 42, 43] [ 44] 2 90 [ 43] , , , [ 45] , , , 19 , 6 Fig 6 Effect of filtration and settling