弟三讲宾语的类型.docVIP

第三讲 宾语的类型 1.宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。在英语中只有及物动词（vt.）才能接宾语,而且不接不行;不及物动词不能接宾语, 如非要接宾语,一定要用上介词. Don’t drop rubbish about. I accepted your wise advice. Pass me the ink, please. Make hey while the sun shines. 2.按接在不同的词性之后, 宾语可分为动词宾语和介词宾语( 名, 代, doing ) 介词后必须接宾语 In our school about three-fourths of the students are from the north. 英语中某些形容词如worth, able, sure, careful等也可以有宾语 This book is worth reading Our factory is able to produce rayon, vinyl on and other chemical fibers Are you sure that he will come? She is always careful what she does. 3.可用作宾语的词性有: 名, 代, 数 动词的.to do / 疑问词+to do / doing , the + adj , 带连词的句子( 宾语从句 ) He takes a cold bath every morning. Miss Smith teaches the second grade. All of us like him. Give me four. He began to learn English a year ago. Every one of us likes to go the circus. He is used to working at night. They teach the blind to read Braille. We should help the handicapped. He did not know what to say. Gladys learnt how to play the piano when she was quite young. I think he is right. I wonder if you’d like to go with us. 4. 双宾语: 直接宾语+间接宾语. 有些及物动词, 如give, tell, show, pass, send, lend, bring, take, carry, teach, 可以有两个宾语. 一个指物, 叫直接宾语; 一个指人, 叫 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前. Lend me your pen-knife, please. Excuse me, please. Could you tell me the way to the post office? I showed them some pictures of Guilin. I gave him my address. Miss Smith teaches us English.] Will you teach us how to swim? Can you tell me when the next train leaves? 5. 如果直接宾语是人称代词, 就须在间接宾语之前加介词to, 并把这个带to 的间接宾语放在直接宾语之后. Do you see the hammer there? Hand it to me, please. I’ve got three tickets here. Please give them to Li Pass / send / take / carry /teach / show / to Make / buy / draw / paint / cook / get / for 6.复合宾语: 宾语+ 宾语补足语 英语有些及物动词,除了要有一个直接宾语之外,还要加上宾语补足语,句子的意义才算完整.宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语.复合宾语中的宾语和它的补足语在逻辑上有主语和谓语的关系.如: Call me John. I like to keep everything tidy. 7.宾语补足语表示法 在复合宾语中,能作宾语补足语的有名词和形容词,以及其他某些相当于名词和形容词的词语.现将复合宾语的各种形式举例说明如下: 名词或代词宾格+名词 We make it our dining –room. We consider Mr. Collins