滇西北玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉叶片结构特征的比较浅析.doc

西南林业大学 本科毕业（设计）论文 （201） 教学院系 园林学院 专 业 园 林 学生姓名 指导教师 （副教授） 评 阅 人 （副教授） 2015年 5 月 11 日  滇西北玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉叶片结构特征的比较研究 夏春云 （西南林业大学 园林学院 昆明 650224） 摘要：以滇西北丽江玉龙雪山自然保护区内的丽江云杉天然林为研究对象，采用生态解剖学的方法对不同海拔梯度（2900m，3050m，3200m，3350m）上的丽江云杉叶片解剖结构特征进行比较研究，探究各参数的变化与海拔的相关性以及各指标之间的内在联系。结果表明：随着海拔的上升，叶片角质层厚度、上表皮厚度、韧皮部厚度、木质部厚度、转输组织厚度、内皮层厚度、维管束直径、叶片长短径都呈现出先增大后减小的趋势，并在海拔3200m处达到最大值，当海拔超过3200m时，各项参数均明显下降；因此，玉龙雪山海拔3200m附近比较适合丽江云杉的生长；此外，丽江云杉叶片解剖结构各项指标之间基本都具有相关性，且其叶片解剖结构的差异性表明不同海拔上的环境因子限制了丽江云杉的生长和分布，也体现了环境因子与植物的协同进化。 关键词：滇西北；丽江云杉；海拔梯度；叶片生态解剖；相关系数；  An Eco-anatomical Study on Picea likiangensis Leaves at Different Gradient Elevation in Northwest of Yunnan Xia Chunyun (Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224) Abstract: To study the correlation changes and the inner relationship in each index with altitude, the natural forest of Picea likiangensis, as the object of study, which are growing at different elevations (2900m, 3050m, 3200m, 3350m) in Nature Reserve of Yulong Snow Mountain are investigated. Furthermore, the leaf anatomical characteristics of Picea likiangensis are also researched. The results showed that: the leaves thickness of cuticle, the upper epidermis thickness, thickness of phloem, xylem thickness, transfusion tissue thickness, endothelial layer thickness, vascular diameter and leaves length and short diameters are all firstly increased and then declined with the increasing altitude, reaching their maximum at 3200m. Besides, the parameters of leaf anatomical characteristics were decreased when the elevation above 3200 m. Therefore, the optimum zone of Picea likiangensis was nearly at around 3200 m elevation. In addition, the leaf anatomical indexes of Picea likiangensis leaves’ structure are nearly correlated with each other. The growth and distribution of Picea likiangensis are limited