第二单元 词a(英汉比较与翻译).pptVIP

Zhu Chunshen’s: to take stock silently / taking stock silently slid----slide-slid-slid oblong n. furtively ad. to wear off v. 同wear away agile a. to heave a sigh gossamer n. a source of academic nutrition Zhang Peiji’s: transient a. To count up v. ooze v. to edge away v reverie n nimbly ad. flit----flitted-flitted-flitting to waver vi. wisp n. to take it very much to heart Difference: a matter of degree 差异只是 ?? Exceptions and counter-evidence 不乏 ?? Purpose: not to judge, but to promote understanding 比较的目的 ?? The moon of the west is not rounder and the sun of the east has its spots as well. ?? Languages that have some degree of inflection are synthetic languages. These can be highly inflected, such as Latin, or weakly inflected, such as English. Languages such as Mandarin Chinese that never use inflections are called analytic or isolating. Grammatical change of word form in linguistics --- inflection or inflexion is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, grammatical mood, grammatical voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case. Most English nouns are inflected for number with the inflectional plural affix -s (as in “jetliner → “jetliner-s), and most English verbs are inflected for tense with the inflectional past tense affix -ed (as in “disintegrate → “disintegrate-(e)d). English also inflects verbs by affixation to mark the third person singular in the present tense (with -s), and the present participle (with -ing). English short adjectives are inflected to mark comparative and superlative forms (with -er and -est respectively). In addition, English also shows inflection by ablaut (sound change, mostly in verbs) and umlaut (a particular type of sound change, mostly in nouns), as well as long-short vowel alternation. For example: Write, wrote, written (marking by ablaut variation, and also suffixing in the participle) Sing, sang, sung (ablaut) Foot, feet