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Energy dissipation at rubbing crack faces in rolling contact fatigue as the mechanism of white etching area formation.pdf

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Energy dissipation at rubbing crack faces in rolling contact fatigue as the mechanism of white etching area formation.pdf

International Journal of Fatigue 96 (2017) 114–126 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Fatigue journal homepage: /locate/ijfatigue Energy dissipation at rubbing crack faces in rolling contact fatigue as the mechanism of white etching area formation Yuri Kadin ?, Mohamed Y. Sherif SKF Engineering Research Centre, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands article info Article history: Received 10 June 2016 Received in revised form 25 October 2016 Accepted 8 November 2016 Available online 10 November 2016 Keywords: White etching areas Rolling contact fatigue Crack mechanics Energy methods Dislocations abstract Subsurface cracks decorated with white etching areas are one of the failure marks in bearings subjected to rolling contact fatigue. In the literature, multiple mechanisms were proposed to explain this phenomenon, one of which stated that the white etching matter formed around a subsurface crack is a symptom of crack faces rubbing which leads to local changes in the material microstructure. The current work presents a theoretical study on white etching area formation by the modelling of frictional interaction at crack faces in mode-II, caused by cyclic shearing and compression – the conditions typical for rolling contact. Based on energy considerations, the feasibility of white etching area formation along subsurface cracks in bearings is theoretically investigated. ó 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is one of the failure modes in bearings. Frequently, this failure mode is accompanied by the formation of white etching (WE) matter in damaged zones – the phenomenon driven by microstructural changes or decay of the steel [1]. The term ‘‘white etching” originates from visible light optical micrographs in which Nital-etched polished-sections of damaged zones exhibit lighter contrast compared with the surrounding material. Nowadays, the investigation of RCF and WE matter gains high interest, particul