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经济学原理曼昆—ch01—presentation.ppt

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1 Ten Principles of Economics Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. CHAPTER 1 TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions: What kinds of questions does economics address? What are the principles of how people make decisions? What are the principles of how people interact? What are the principles of how the economy as a whole works? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. CHAPTER 1 TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS What Economics Is All About Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources. Economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources, e.g. how people decide what to buy, how much to work, save, and spend how firms decide how much to produce, how many workers to hire how society decides how to divide its resources between national defense, consumer goods, protecting the environment, and other needs 0 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 0 The principles of HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. CHAPTER 1 TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS All decisions involve tradeoffs. Examples: Going to a party the night before your midterm leaves less time for studying. Having more money to buy stuff requires working longer hours, which leaves less time for leisure. Protecting the environment requires resources that could otherwise be used to produce consumer goods. Principle #1: People Face Tradeoffs 0 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. CHAPTER 1 TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS Society faces an important tradeoff: efficiency vs. equity efficiency: getting the most out of