经济学课件第二章节.pptVIP

1 第二章 供求论 The theory of Supply and Demand Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2 PREFACE Supply and demand are the forces that make market economies work. They determine the quantity of each good produced and the price at which it is sold. If you want to know how any event or policy will affect the economy, you must think first about how it will affect supply and demand. 供给和需求的力量,使市场经济工作。他们数的确定生产和美好的价格被出售。 如果你想知道任何事件或政策将影响经济,你必须首先要考虑它如何影响供给与需求。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3 IN THIS CHAPTERYOU WILL . . . Examine what determines the demand (supply) for a good in a competitive market See how supply and emend together set the price of a good and the quantity sold Learn elasticity and its application Consider the key role of prices in allocating scarce esources in market economies研究如何确定需求(提供的)是一个很好的在竞争激烈的市场 看看供应和emand修订一起设置某一商品的价格和数量出售 学习弹性及其应用 考虑到关键的角色分配稀有资源的价格在市场经济 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4 主要内容 1.需求理论 2.供给理论 3.均衡价格 4.弹性理论 5.供求曲线应用 6.蛛网模型（选学） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5 第一节 需求理论 一、需求函数 （一）有效需求 （二）影响商品需求数量的因素 1.商品自身的价格 Price “negatively related” 2.消费者的收入水平 Income （1）正常品 normal good （2）低档品 inferior good Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 6 第一节 需求理论 3.相关商品的价格 Prices of Related Goods （1）替代品 substitutes （2）互补品 complements 4.消费者的偏好 Tastes 5.消费者对商品价格的预期 Expectations Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 7 第一节 需求理论 （三）需求函数表达式 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 8 第一节 需求理论 二、需求表和需求曲线