高中英语定语从句讲解及练习较全面预案.doc

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？ He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\介词+ which\结构，因此常常和\介词+ which\结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on whichh） one must yield.　 Beijing is the place where（in whichh） I was born.　 Is this the reason why （for whichh） he refused our offer?　2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\介+which\引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born.　 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you. 　 判断改错： 　 （） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 　 （） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 　 （） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year. 　 （） Ill never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside. 　　习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 　 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? 　 A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one 例2. Is t