400th中间再热电站锅炉设计研讨.doc

400t/h中间再热电站锅炉设计 摘 要 在现代电力工业中，火力发电所占比重最大，而锅炉是火力发电厂三大主要设备（锅炉、汽轮机、发电机）之一。其主要作用是将燃料燃烧释放的化学能通过受热面使给水加热、蒸发、过热，转变为蒸汽的动能，合格的蒸汽将被送到汽轮机，冲转汽轮机，从而将热能转变为机械能。 本文主要对一容量为400t/h的锅炉进行设计，主要内容有：锅炉的整体外型的选择；锅炉受热面设备的选择及其布置；炉膛的设计；燃烧方式和燃烧器形式的选择。论文中第一部分是对设计锅炉各部分与系统的介绍与说明。在第二部分热力计算过程中，首先对燃料特性、空气和烟气的容积、烟气特性、炉膛热平衡等进行计算，并由此设计锅炉的结构尺寸；接下来则是根据设计尺寸对炉膛、屏式过热器、再热器、省煤器、空气预热器等进行几何特性和热力特性计算；最后是对热力计算数据的校核与修正。 关键词：锅炉；结构设计；受热面 Abstract In the modern electric power industry, the largest proportion is thermal power generation, and the boiler is one of the thermal power plants three major equipment (boiler, steam turbine and generator). Its leading role is that its the causes for the water heating, the evaporation and overheated, with which the fuels chemical energy changed into the steam kinetic energy；And then the qualified steam will be delivered to the steam turbine, flushes transfers the steam turbine, and thus transforms the heat energy into the mechanical energy. This article mainly is the design of a 400t/h boiler, the primary coverage includes: overall outlook of the boiler; boilers heating surface equipment selection and the layout of the heating surface; chamber design; burning way and burner form choice. The first part of this paper is the introduction and the explanation of the boilers various part and system. And the second part is calculating. In the course of calculating, fuel characteristic, volume of air and exhaust gas, exhaust gass characteristic, thermal balance of burner hearth are calculated at first, then its the physical design of the boiler; According to the size of design，the next is the geometric and thermal characteristic calculate of the boilers chamber, overheated device, repeater, economizer and air preheater；Finally it is the verification and correction of the thermal calculation data. Key words：boiler; structural design；heating surface 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 前言 5 1.1 设计锅炉概况 6 1.1 设计背景 7 1.2 设计目的和意义 7 1.3 设计内容 8 400t/h中间再热电站燃煤锅炉设计流程 8 1 煤的元素分析数据校核和煤种判别 8 1.1煤