决策知识系统大纲.doc

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决策知识系统大纲

Chapter 1 Management Support Systems:An Overview 1.Productivity: The ratio of outputs to inputs that measures the degree of success of an organization and its individual parts 2. Factors Affecting Decision-Making New technologies and better information distribution have resulted in more alternatives for management. Complex operations have increased the costs of errors, causing a chain reaction throughout the organization. Rapidly changing global economies and markets are producing greater uncertainty and requiring faster response in order to maintain competitive advantages. Increasing governmental regulation coupled with political destabilization have caused great uncertainty. 3. What do Decision Support Systems Offer? Quick computations at a lower cost Group collaboration and communication Increased productivity Ready access to information stored in multiple databases and data warehouse Ability to analyze multiple alternatives and apply risk management Enterprise resource management Tools to obtain and maintain competitive advantage 4. Cognitive Limits The human mind has limited processing and storage capabilities. Any single person is therefore limited in their decision making abilities. Collaboration with others allows for a wider range of possible answers, but will often be faced with communications problems. Computers improve the coordination of these activities. This knowledge sharing is enhanced through the use of GSS, KMS, and EIS. 5. Management Support Systems The support of management tasks by the application of technologies Sometimes called Decision Support Systems or Business Intelligence 6. Management Support Systems Tools DSS Management Science Data Mining Data Warehouse Business Intelligence OLAP CASE tools GSS EIS EIP ERM ERP CRM SCM KMS ES ANN Intelligent Agents E-commerce Type of Decision: Operational Control Managerial Control Strategic Planning Structured (Programmed) Accounts receivable, accounts payable, order entry Budget anal

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