Y08200133MotionofChargeinaMagneticField(Part-1.pdfVIP

翻译样稿 北京华译网翻译公司 Motion of Charge in a Magnetic Field (Part - 1) 电荷在磁场中的运动（第一部分） Objective 课程目标 ? To understand the motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field ? 解带电粒子在磁场中的运动。 The region of the atmosphere existing above 80 kilometre from the Earth’s surface is called the ionosphere. It consists of charged particles and plays a crucial role in long range radio communication. The ultraviolet rays from the Sun ionize the air molecules in this region and produce ions and electrons. Now, let us study why these ions do not escape to outer space? And, how do they form the ionosphere? 距离地球表面 80 公里的大气区域称为电离层。电离层由带点粒子组成，在长波无线电通 讯过程中发挥着关键性作用。从太阳射出的紫外线将该区域中的空气分子离子化，并产生 离子和电子。现在我们来研究为何这些离子不会跑向外太空以及它们如何形成电离层。 We know that the equation of the magnetic force which acts on a charge q moving with a velocity in a magnetic field is ? 我们知道，施加在电荷量为 q ，移动速度为 的电荷上的磁力 的方程式为 Its magnitude can be written as using the cross product. Here, is the angle between the velocity and the magnetic field . 磁力方程式也可以用如下向量方程式表述，其中的 是速度与磁场方向的夹角： This equation tells us that if a charge moves in the magnetic field with its velocity parallel to that is θ = 0°, the magnetic force acting on the charge is 0. The same is true if and are anti-parallel, that is θ = 180°. In both the cases, the motion of a charge is not influenced by the magnetic field. 这个方程式告诉我们，如果一个电荷在磁场中运动的方向与磁场平行，也就是θ = 0°，那 么施加在这个电荷上的磁力为 0 。如果电荷运动方向与磁场逆平行，也就是θ = 180°，那 么施加在这个电荷上的磁力也是0 。在这两种情况下，电荷的运动不受磁场影响。 Consider a freely moving positive charge Q entering the magnetic field such that is perpendicular to . For this case, θ = 90° and hence, the magnitude of the magnetic force is maximum and is 翻译样稿 北京华译网翻译公司