MPLS10S02-MPLS Concepts.pptVIP

Module 2 MPLS Concepts Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: Identify the drawbacks of traditional IP routing Describe basic MPLS concepts and LSR types. Understand how different MPLS applications can coexist on the same platform using the same underlying technology. List the standard bodies that are working on MPLS technology and the relationship between Tag Switching and MPLS. Objectives Upon completion of this section, you will be able to identify the drawbacks of traditional IP routing. Traditional IP Forwarding Traditional IP forwarding is based on the following: Routing protocols are used to distribute Layer 3 routing information. Forwarding is based on the destination address only. Routing lookups are performed on every hop. Traditional IP Forwarding(cont.) Destination-based routing lookup is needed on every hop. Every router may need full Internet routing information (more than 100,000 routes). IP over ATM Layer 2 topology may be different from Layer 3 topology, resulting in suboptimal paths and link utilization. Layer 2 devices have no knowledge of Layer 3 routing information—virtual circuits must be manually established. Even if the two topologies overlap, the hub and spoke topology is usually used because of easier management. Traffic Engineering with Traditional IP Forwarding Most traffic goes between large sites A and B and uses only the primary link. Destination-based routing does not provide any mechanism for load balancing across unequal paths. Policy-based routing can be used to forward packets based on other parameters, but this is not a scalable solution. Summary After completing this section, you should be able to identify the drawbacks of traditional IP routing Review Questions List major drawbacks of traditional IP routing. Based on what information do routers forward IP packets? What mechanism can be used to forward packets based on other parameters? Why is this mechanism not suitable