the U.S. Political Institutions.pptVIP

Comparison of the Political System The Constitutional Convention(宪法惯例/制宪会议) The Constitutional Convention was held in Philadelphia in 1787. Amendments to U.S. Constitution Amendments to U.S. Constitution The 13th amendment abolished（废除） slavery system. (1865) The 14th amendment gave African Americans citizenship. (1868) The 15th amendment gave Americans the right to vote. (1870) The form of government is based on six main principles Federalism 联邦制 Federalism means a division of powers between the federal government and state government. Delegated（授予权力） powers of the Federal Government To take care of the welfare and defend the security of the whole nation: to manage foreign affaires; to raise and maintain armed forces（武装力量）; to declare war and conclude peace; to collect taxes; to regulate foreign trade; To deal with problems concerning two or more states Powers of State Governments (P158) To pass state laws and maintain state police force; To levy taxes（课税，征税） to cover state expenditures; To maintain public schools and give financial help to state universities Make laws (especially regarding…) ?Defense and foreign affairs ?Citizenship, naturalization, immigration ?Regulation of commerce with foreign countries and among the states ?Power to collect taxes to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the US The Congress The Executive Branch Executive Agencies and Commissions Federal Bureau of Investigation 联邦调查局 a federal law enforcement agency that is the principal investigative arm of the Department of Justice Executive Agencies and Commissions Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报局 providing secret information about the world’s trouble spots to the president 2.3 The Judicial Branch The Supreme Court The US Supreme Court is the only court established by the US Constitution and has the power to interpret the Constitution. It consists of the Chief Justice（首席法官）