Chapter1 Movement and position.pptVIP

Chapter1:Movement and Position Charlotte Speed Rearranging the speed equation Average speed: It is the total distance travelled , divided by the time taken. Instantaneous speed Speed trap 1.Measure 50 m from a start point along the side of the road. 2.Start s stop clock when your partner signals that the car is passing the start point. 3.Stop the clock when the car passes you at the finish point. If the time measured is 3.9s,what is the speed of the car? Distance-time graphs A car travelling at a constant speed Displacement Displacement is distance travelled in a particular direction. Vector A vector is a quantity that has both size and direction. Speed and velocity Velocity is speed in a particular direction. Units of velocity : m/s vector Acceleration Acceleration is the rate at which objects change their velocity. Units of acceleration Acceleration , the rate of increase in velocity with time . Metres per second squared Deceleration This means that a deceleration object will have a smaller final velocity than its starting velocity . A negative acceleration simply means deceleration . Galileo Galileo Galilei was an?Italian astronomer,?physicist,?engineer,?philosopher ,and?mathematician?who played a major role in the?scientific revolution during the?Renaissance. 伽利略是一个意大利天文学家,物理学家,工程师,哲学家,数学家,文艺复兴时期在科学革命中扮演了主要角色。 Galileo’s experiment Uniform acceleration A modern version of Galileo’s experiment Measure acceleration Calculate the displacement How about this? The area under a velocity-time graph is equal to the distance travelled by (displacement of) the object in a particular time interval . Speed investigations using ticker tape A ticker timer is a machine that makes a series of dots on a paper tape moving through the machine . Calculate : speed Vector Velocity Displacement Acceleration Deceleration Scalar Speed Distance Calculate : the acceleration . What can you find ? The gradient of a velocity-time graph gives the acceleration . V (m/s) T (s) T (s)