ImageEnhancementintheFrequencyDomain.ppt

7 Image Enhancement in the Frequency Domain By Qiang Wang College of Computer Science Email: wangqiang@cad.zju.edu.cn Outline 7.1 Introduce to the Fourier Transformation and the Frequency Domain 7.2 Smoothing Frequency-Domain Filters 7.3 Sharpening Frequency-Domain Filters 7.4 Summary Enhance: To make greater as in value, desirability or attractiveness. Frequency: The number of times that a periodic function repeats the same sequence of values during a unit variation of the independent variable. Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary Fourier’s contribution Fourier transformation: even the function is not periodic, … Utility of Fourier series and transformation in solving practical problems and studied as fundamental tools 7.1 Introduction to the Fourier Transformation and the Frequency Domain Fourier transform in one and two dimensions. Discrete formulation of the continuous transform and some of its properties. 7.1.1 The One-Dimensional Fourier Transform and its Inverse The Fourier transform, F(u), of a single variable, continuous function, f(x), is defined by the equation These two equations comprise the Fourier transform pair. These equations are easily extended to two variables u and v: 1D DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) The Fourier transform of a discrete function of one variable, f(x), x=0, 1, …, M-1, is given by the equation Some definitions Let R(u) and I(u) be the real and imaginary parts of F(u). F(u) can be expressed in polar coordinates: Power spectrum or spectral density: 7.1.2 The Two-Dimensional DFT and Its Inverse The discrete Fourier transform of a function f(x, y) of size M×N is given by the equation Let R(u, v) and I(u, v) be the real and imaginary parts of F(u, v), respectively. Fourier spectrum: The value of the transform at (0, 0) is If f(x, y) is real, its Fourier transform is conjugate symmetric; that is, 7.1.3 Filtering in the Frequency Domain In the section, we watch “meaning” to the frequency domain, as it relates to image processing. Som