离散时间信号处理PPT离散时间系统结构.pptVIP

6 STRUCTURES FOR DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEMS 6.0 Introduction 6.1 Block Diagram Representation of Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations 6.2 Signal Flow Graph Representation of Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations 6.3 Basic Structures for IIR Systems 6.4 Transposed Forms 6.5 Basic Network Structures for FIR Systems Systems described by linear constant-coefficient difference equations can be represented by structures consisting of an interconnection of the basic operations of addition, multiplication by a constant, and delay, the exact implementation of which is dictated by the technology to be used. As an illustration of the computation associated with a difference equation, consider the system described by the system function The impulse response of this system is and the first-order difference equation that is satisfied by the input and output sequences is Rewrite it in the form Provides the basic for an algorithm for recursive computation of the output at any time a in terms of the previous output , the current input sample , and the previous input sample 6.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM REPRESENTATION OF LINEAR CONSTANT-COEFFICIENT DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS The basic elements required for the implementation of a linear time-invariant discrete-time systems are adders, multipliers, and memory for storing delayed sequence values. The interconnection of these basic elements is conveniently depicted by block diagrams composed of the basic pictorial symbols shown in Figure6.1. Example6.1 Block Diagram Representation of a Difference Equation Consider the second-order difference equation The corresponding system function is The block diagram representation of the system realization based on Eq.(6.5) is shown in Figure6.2. Example 6.1 can be generalized to higher order difference equations of the form With the corresponding system function The block diagram of Figure6.3 can be viewed as a cascade of two systems