实分析习题(可测函数)组p.docVIP

实分析习题3(可测函数)第一组P150 11(. 设fn (x)是[0, 1]上的递增函数( n = 1, 2, ...)，且{ fn (x)}在[0, 1]上依测度收敛于f (x)．证明在f (x)的连续点x0上，fn (x0) ( f (x0) (n ( ()． 解：设f (x)在x0((0, 1)处连续．则(( 0，(( 0，使得 (x0 ( (, x0 + ()( (0, 1)，且(x((x0 ( (, x0 + ()，有| f (x) ( f (x0)| (/2． 由于{ fn (x)}在[0, 1]上依测度收敛于f (x)，故对此( 0，(N ((+，使得 (n N，有m({x([0, 1] | | fn (x) ( f (x)| ( (/2 }) (． 注意到区间(x0 ( (, x0)和(x0, x0 + ()的测度都是(， 故它们每个都不能被点集{x([0, 1] | | fn (x) ( f (x)| ( (/2 }所覆盖． 因此( x1 ((x0 ( (, x0)，( x2 ((x0, x0 + ()，使得 | fn (x1) ( f (x1)| (/2，| fn (x2) ( f (x2)| (/2．(注意这里的x1, x2与n有关) 取( = min{ x0 ( x1, x2 ( x0}，则当(x((x0 ( (, x0 + ()时， 有x1 ( x0 ( ( x x0 + ( ( x2．(注意这里的(与n有关) 由fn (x)递增，fn (x1) ( fn (x) ( fn (x2)． 故f (x0) (( f (x1) ((/2 fn (x1) ( fn (x) ( fn (x2) f (x2) + (/2 f (x0) + (． 即| fn (x) ( f (x0)| (．特别地，| fn (x0) ( f (x0)| (．所以fn (x0) ( f (x0) (n ( ()． 若x0是区间端点，而连续理解成单侧连续，则结论不成立． 我们只给出x0 = 1的情形，x0 = 0的情形是完全类似的． 令fn (x) = xn，f (x)恒为0．(x( [0, 1]． 显然fn (x)是[0, 1]上的递增函数，且{ fn (x)}在[0, 1]上依测度收敛于f (x)． 但在x0 = 1处，fn (x0)不收敛于f (x0) (n ( ()． 所以把本题中的连续理解为左连续且右连续，即所谓连续点不含端点． 12(. 设f : (n ( (1，且对任意的( 0，存在开集G ( (n，m(G) (，使得 f(C((n\G)，试证明f (x)是(n上的可测函数． 解：(k((+，存在开集Gk ( (n，m(Gk) 1/2k+1，使得f(C((n\Gk)． 设f在(n\Gk上的限制为fk，因(n\Gk是闭集，故fk可延拓成(n上的连续函数gk． 因m(Gk) 1/2k+1，故m((k ( mGk) 1/2m，所以m((m(k ( mGk) = 0， 而(x((n\((m(k ( mGk) = (m(k ( mGkc， (m 0，使得(k ( m，都有x( Gkc，即gk(x) = fk(x) = f(x)，亦即gk(x) ( f(x)． 而gk(x)连续，故在(n上可测，因此也在可测子集(n\((m(k ( mGk)上可测． 故其极限也可测，即f在(n\((m(k ( mGk)上的限制是可测的． 而(m(k ( mGk是零测集，故f在(n上可测． 13(. 设{ fk(x)}与{gk(x)}都在E上依测度收敛于零，试证明{ fk(x) · gk(x)}在E上依测度收敛于零． 解：(( 0，m({x(E | | fk(x)| ( (1/2 }) ( 0，m({x(E | | gk(x)| ( (1/2 }) ( 0 (k ( ()； 而{x(E | | fk(x) · gk(x) | ( ( }( {x(E | | fk(x)| ( (1/2 }({x(E | | gk(x)| ( (1/2 }； 故m({x(E | | fk(x) · gk(x) | ( ( }) ( m({x(E | | fk(x)| ( (1/2 }) + m({x(E | | gk(x)| ( (1/2 })； 所以m({x(E | | fk(x) · gk(x) | ( ( })( 0 (k ( ()； 即{ fk(x) · gk(x)}在E上依测度收敛于零． 14(. 设{ fk(x)}在[a, b]上依测度收敛于f (x)，g(x)是(1上的连续函数，试证明： {g( fk(x))}在[a, b]上依测度收敛于g( f (x))．若将[a, b]改为[0, +()