计算机网络 Chapter.pptVIP

Chapter 5: The Data Link Layer Our goals: understand principles behind data link layer services: error detection, correction sharing a broadcast channel: multiple access link layer addressing reliable data transfer, flow control: done! instantiation and implementation of various link layer technologies Link Layer 5.1 Introduction and services 5.2 Error detection and correction 5.3 Multiple access protocols 5.4 Link-layer Addressing 5.5 Ethernet 5.6 Link-layer switches 5.7 PPP 5.8 Link virtualization: ATM, MPLS Link Layer: Introduction Some terminology: hosts and routers are nodes communication channels that connect adjacent nodes along communication path are links wired links wireless links LANs layer-2 (LINK) packet is a frame, encapsulates datagram Link Layer Link-layer protocol has the responsibility of transferring datagram from one node to adjacent node over a link. Internet protocol stack application: Process-Process data communication FTP, SMTP, HTTP transport: end-end data transfer TCP, UDP network: host-host data transfer IP, routing protocols link: Point-Point data transfer PPP, Ethernet physical: bits “on the wire” Layer Traversing Link layer Protocols Datagram transferred by different link protocols over different links: e.g., Ethernet on first link, frame relay (帧中继) on intermediate links, IEEE 802.11 on last link Each link protocol provides different services e.g., may or may not provide reliable data transfer over link Link Layer Services Sublayer MAC (Media Access Control，介质访问控制) Coordinate the frame transmissions of many nodes if multiple nodes share a medium LLC (Logical Link Control，逻辑链路控制) Reliable delivery： between adjacent nodes Used on wireless links (seldom used on low bit error link (fiber, some twisted pair), Correct an error locally at link level. Link Layer Services Framing: encapsulate datagram into frame adding header, trailer, physical addresses used in frame headers to identify source, destination Flow Control: pacing b