计算机图形学复习提纲(学时).pptVIP

* 6.2 2D Clipping Operations Definition of Clipping any procedure that identifies those portions of a picture that are either inside or outside of a specified region of space is referred to as a clipping. Clipping time window clipping viewport clipping * This is one of the oldest and most popular line-clipping procedures. Generally, the method speeds up the processing of line segments by performing initial tests that reduced the number of intersections that must be calculated. Lines are defined by their endpoints, so it should be possible just to examine these, and not every pixel on the line Most applications of clipping use a window that is either very large, I.e. nearly the whole scene fits inside, or very small, I.e. most of the scene lies inside the window Hence, most lines may be either trivially accepted or rejected * IDEA -- Faster line clipping algorithm, based on analysis of the parametric equation of a line segment Parametric Equation two endpoints (x1,y1), (x2,y2) x=x1+(x2-x1)u y=y1+(y2-y1)u, 0=u=1 * Algorithm Description Computing Pk, Qk, k=1~4 Judge if there any Pk= 0, then the line is parallel to one of the clipping boundaries. If, for that value of k, we also find Qk 0, then the line is completely outside the boudary, otherwise the line is inside the boudary for case Pk0, calculate the value of u that corresponds to the intersection point as Qk/Pk For each line, calculate two parameters u1u2 that define the section inside the clipping window. u1=Max{0, Qk/Pk}, Pk 0 u2=Min{1, Qk/Pk}, Pk 0 if u1 u2, then line is outside the clip window, otherwise calculate the intersection point * LB is more efficient than the CS, since intersection calculations are reduced. Updates of parameters u1 and u2 require four divisions, intersection calculation require four multiplies at most. 基本变换：平移、缩放、旋转 矩阵表示法 组合变换 五、三维几何变换 一、窗口 视口 窗口： 常规图形系统中，世界坐标系中指定的用于显示的坐标区域。 视口： 显示设备上用于窗口映射的坐标区域，也叫视区。 观察变换：世界坐标系中部分场景映射到设备坐标系的过程称为观察变换，也叫视像变换，或称为从窗口到视口的变换。 第6章 二维观