中考定语从句考点及真.doc

本文主要讲解中考英语定语从句用法，并附练习题，在主从复合句中充当定语的句子是定语从句，它在句中修饰名词或代词。定语从句一般由关系代词that, which, who(m), whose和关系副词when, where, why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面作后置定语。在中考试题中，主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。 一、一般情况下，当先行词指人时，用that, who或whom引导。如： I know the young man that/who is reading under the tree. 我认识在树下读书的那个年轻人。 The girl whom you talked about a moment ago is my daughter. 你们刚才谈论的女孩是我的女儿。 当指人的先行词后有介词时，关系代词不用that, 而要用whom。如： Jim is the person for whom you are looking. 吉姆是你在寻找的人。 二、当先行词指物时，用which或that引导。当关系代词在从句中作宾语时常可省略。如： Give me the pen that/which is on the desk. 把桌子上的钢笔给我。 一) 当先行词指物时只能用that而不能用which的几种常见情况： 1. 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little等不定代词时。如： There is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他做这件事。 2. 先行词前有last, next, only，very及序数词、最高级等修饰时。如： This is the most interesting film that was shown last week. 这是上周所放映的影片中最有趣的一部。 The only thing that they can do is to wait. 他们唯一能做的事就是等待。 3. 先行词前有序数词或最高级等修饰时。如： This is the second computer that father has just bought. 这是爸爸刚刚买的第二台电脑。 This is the very pen (that) you bought yesterday. 这正是你昨天买的笔。 4. 当先行词既有人，又有物时。如： Sally is talking about the writer and his book that interests her. 萨丽在谈论这位作家及能使 她感兴趣的这位作家的书。 5. 当主语是who的疑问句。如： Who is the boy that is playing computer games? 在玩电脑游戏的男孩是谁? 二) 当先行词指物时，只能用which而不能用that的场合 1. 关系代词前有介词时。如： This is the house in which Tom once lived. 这是汤姆曾经住过的房子。 2. 在非限定性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开，如果去掉逗号，整个句子仍能表达完整的意义的定语从句)中。如： They are talking about the TV play, which they saw last night. 他们正在谈论昨晚看的电视剧。 三、whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰它后面的名词。如： Do you know the girl whose name is Lily? 你认识名叫莉莉的女孩吗? 四、当引导词在句中作状语时，应用适当的关系副词。表示时间用when，表示地点用where，表示原因用why。但这些关系副词通常可转换成“介词 + 关系代词”形式。如： The hotel where/at which the visitors are staying is very expensive. 这些参观者呆的旅馆很贵。 2008年中考定语从句真题精选 1. Do you know the scientist _______ gave us a talk just now? (天津市) A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 2. This is the dictionary _______ Mum gave me for my birthday. (河北省) A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 3. Shaolin Temple _______ lies in the