医学考博英：影像X射线常用词汇.docx

医学考博英语：影像X射线常用词汇　医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到，平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义，新东方在线考博频道将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类，希望考生们平日多累积记忆。　一、肺 Lung　清晰 clear　肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows　肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings　钙化灶 calcified　空洞 cavitation　球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion)　小块阴影区 a minimal area of density　散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows　边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density　圆形致密影 a round density　胸膜增厚 pleural thickening　肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle　横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement　包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion　液气胸 hydropneumothorax　纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement　肺门模糊 hilar haze　肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density　肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction)　阴影性状 shadow　淡的 haziness　云雾状 clouding　线装 streaky　絮状 patcky　结节状 nodular　块状 massive　粟粒状 miliary　融合状 confluent　均匀的 homogeneous　　二、心脏 Heart　左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement　主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta　主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart　肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment　肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery　心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow　左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement　左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation　靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart　主动脉钙化　calcification of aorta　心腰部 waist of heart　垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart　三、腹部平片 KUB film　结石 calculus　钙化影 calcified shadow　阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern　液气平面 gas-fluid level　膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air　　四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination　胃肠造影 gastroenterography　双重对比造影 double contrast radiography　食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign　十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression)　小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine　结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon　胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time　胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach　充盈缺损 filling defect　黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds　张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity)　球部激惹现象 irritable cap　蠕动增强 vigorous peristalt