翻译第讲 Conversion.docVIP

翻译第6讲 Conversion Translation is a process concerning two languages. Since there are differences in the structures, grammar, and expressions between the two languages, sometimes conversion is necessary. This part is mainly about the conversion of word classes,(词类转换) conversion of sentence members（转换句子成分）, and conversion of perspectives.(转换视角) Conversion of English Nouns 英语名词的转译 Nouns or nominal（名词性的） forms, especially action nouns and other abstract nouns, find their wider use in English while verbs or multi-verbal forms are much preferred in Chinese. This is one of the important differences between the two languages. In translation, therefore, the conversion of English nouns into Chinese verbs, and subsequently English adjectives into Chinese adverbs, becomes one of the techniques frequently employed for smooth representation in idiomatic Chinese. English nouns can be converted into Chinese verbs in the following cases. 1. 由动词派生的名词 2. 具有动作意义的名词 3. 以-er结尾表示身份或职业的名词 English Nouns →Chinese verbs He admires the President’s stated decision to fight for the job. 他对总统声明为保住其职位而决心奋斗表示钦佩。（P62） My admiration for him grew more. 我对他越来越钦佩。 Indo-China is a drain on French resources. 印度支那战争不断消耗法国的资源。 The international food shortage had a direct impact on Kuwait and other barren desert countries. 全球性粮食短缺现象直接影响了科威特等贫瘠的沙漠国家。 It is mighty to make him work on Saturdays, when all the boys are having holiday, but he hates work more than anything else, and I’ve got to do some of duty by him, or I’ll be ruination of the child. 星期六其他孩子都在过假日，你让他干活有点有点难为他。可是他压根儿恨透了干活儿，比什么都恨，我非得尽些责任不可，不然，我会毁了孩子。 More examples: 1. One after another, speakers called for the downfall of imperialism, abolition of the system of exploitation of man-by-man, liberation of the oppressed of the world. 发言人一个接一个表示要打倒帝国主义，要消灭人剥削人的制度，要解放全世界被压迫的人民。 2. His acceptance of bribes led to his arrest. 他因受贿而被捕. 3. Exhaust gases from boilers, vehicles, etc., cause air pollution in cities. 锅炉