9-室内空气污染物采样方法及研讨.ppt

防护装置的选用 临床急救人员多需要拥有C级个体防护装置。对于治疗已经脱离污染的受害人的急救人员，其受害人所携带的毒物量不足以对其造成威胁的情况下，也需达到C级防护标准。 各级医院急诊科或门诊不仅接收在现场已经除去污染的病人，也接收自己来就诊没有经过去污染处理的病人。所以，医院急诊科要有专门的空间来对可疑带有污染物的患者进行洗消，同时，也要配备少量B级防护服装。 Hunan Provincial Center of Disease Prevention and Control * * There are many different types of respiratory hazards. Gases are gaseous at room temperature, such as oxygen. Vapors come from liquids that evaporate, like water vapor. Gases and vapor may need a chemical cartridge to be captured. Dusts are from processes such as sanding and grinding. Mists are liquids, such as from a spraying operation. Fumes are formed when a metal is heated to the point of vaporization, but quickly condenses into a very fine particle called fume, e.g. welding fume. Fibers are from materials such as asbestos. All of these materials can be captured by particle filters. Sometimes both gases or vapors and particles can be present, such as in a paint spraying operation. There are both solvent vapors as well as overspray (mist). In this case both a chemical cartridge and a particle filter would be required. IDLH means immediately dangerous to life or health. This may be because of elevated chemical concentrations or oxygen deficiency. Only a self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or combination supplied air/SCBA system may be used in these environments. * * Half mask respirators that are properly selected, fitted and worn will reduce the wearer’s exposure by at least a factor of 10. * Full facepiece respirators are more protective than half mask respirators. However, to claim the higher level of protection in negative pressure mode, they must be quantitatively fit tested. Full facepieces also reduce exposure of dust and splashes to eyes. * Powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) can be used with hoods, helmets and full facepieces. This gives a higher level of protection. * Read slide. * NIOSH certifies different types of particle filters. (Read text on slide.) Note: HEPA stands for hig