1—国际贸易务实—绪论.pptVIP

国际贸易实务International Trade Practices  马敏  大连大学英语学院 2011.3.1  Unit One  An lntroduction to lnternational Trade Why do countries trade ? Resource reasons Economic reasons Preference reasons Other reasons 1. Resource reasons No nation has all of the commodities it needs： Some are rich in: Copper---Peru, Zaire Diamonds---South Africa Petroleum---Middle East Some lack : Japan---minerals Russia---light industrial products the United States---coffee 2. Economic reasons 1. A country often does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs; e.g. the United States---sugar 2. One country can sell or produce some items at a lower cost than other countries: e.g. Japan---radios and television sets the Theory of Comparative Advantage (相对优势论） 3. Preference reasons Foreign trade takes place because of innovation or style: e.g. the United States also imports cars from Japan,Germany ,Sweden and other countries. .  Invisible Trade 1) Transportation and communication e.g.. Greece, Norway--- large maritime fleets Invisible Trade 2) Insurance e.g.. Greet Britain---leading exporter of this service 3) Tourism e.g.. Thailand, Bahamas, Singapore, Malaysia Invisible Trade e.g.. Kuwait, Afghan, Iraq --- the re-construction of their countries after the war China---the construction of the Three Gorges Hydroelectric Power Station  Invisible Trade 5) Immigrant Remittances E.g. .in the United Stats---immigrants send money to families in the old countries formerly millions of workers from southern Europe have gone to work in Germany, Switzerland, France, the Benelux nations, and Scandinavia. Today the Asians particularly the Chinese work in the west The present situation 2010年： 美国进出口总额约为3.2万亿