动物生理学6-消化与汲取[一].pptVIP

6. Digestion and absorption 6.1 Introduction 消化是指食物在消化道（digestive/gastrointestinal tract）内分解为小分子的过程。 Digestion involves physicochemical processes by which ingested food is converted into simpler constuents and nutrients that can be absorbed into the blood stream. Gastrointestinal tract (about 9 m for human) mouth, pharynx 咽, esophagus 食管, stomach, small intestine (duodenum/12 fingers--20 cm , jejunum空肠--3.5m, ileum回肠--4.5m), large intestine (colon, rectum) anus 除口腔以外的消化管壁均可分为四层，由内向外依次为粘膜、粘膜下层、肌层和外膜 (浆膜） 6.1.1 Properties of gastrointestinal smooth muscle 6.1.1.1 General pr