化学反应器理论-5-第四章-非理想流动反应器详解.ppt

习题三： (陈甘棠，化学反应工程，第三版，北京：化学工业出版社，2007) P110-111，第1，2，10题 （作业请按班统一交，并注明姓名、班级与学号，以便于批改，谢谢！） Ideal Reactor types The Residence Time Distribution (RTD) To simplify, we will only consider the steady-state flow, without reaction and without density change, of a single fluid through a vessel. State of Aggregation of the Flowing Stream Microfluids and Macrofluids Single-Phase Systems These lie somewhere between the extremes of macro- and microfluids. Two-Phase Systems A stream of solids always behaves as a macrofluid, but for gas reacting with liquid, either phase can be a macro- or microfluid depending on the contacting scheme being used. Earliness of Mixing The fluid elements of a single flowing stream can mix with each other either early or late in their flow through the vessel. For a system with two entering reactant streams, earliness or lateness of mixing can be very important. Role of RTD, State of Aggregation, and Earliness of Mixing in Determining Reactor Behavior In some situations one of these three factors can be ignored, in others it can become crucial. Often, much depends on the time for reaction , the time for mixing , and the time for stay in the vessel . In many cases has a meaning somewhat like but somewhat broader. 11.1 E, the Age Distribution of Fluid, the RTD It is evident that elements of fluid taking different routes through the reactor may take different lengths of time to pass through the vessel. The distribution of these times for the stream of fluid leaving the vessel is called the exit age distribution E, or the residence time distribution RTD of the fluid. (E has the units of time-1). We find it convenient to represent the RTD in such a way that the area under the curve is unity. With this representation the fraction of exit stream of age between t and t+dt is Experimental methods for finding E There are many methods to find the E curve. The simplest and most direct way is to use a physical o