东方百合系内杂交授粉技术与胚抢救技术研究.pdfVIP

西北植物学报，2014，34(6)：1119—1124 Acta BOt。Boreal．-Occident．Sin． 文章编号：1000—4025(2014)06—1119-06 doi：10．7606／j．issn．i000—4025．2014．06．1119 东方百合系内杂交授粉技术 邵 杨 与胚抢救技术研究 1，温韦华1，崔金腾1，贾月慧2，张克中卜 (1北京农学院园林学院，北京102206；2北京农学院植物科技学院，北京102206) 摘要：研究了东方百合系内杂交授粉技术及胚抢救技术。结果表明：(1)在组合‘Justina’בShela’中，采用柱头 直接授粉，花粉管在花柱中向下定向生长，在子房中向胚珠定向生长；采用切花柱授粉，花粉管在花柱切VI及子房 中发生不同程度无向性生长；残留花柱越长，进行胚珠定向的花粉管数量越多，获得的饱满种子越少，采用柱头直 接授粉获得的饱满种子最多。(2)采用柱头直接授粉对东方百合系内56个组合进行杂交实验，仅1个组合未获得 饱满胚珠、3个组合获得胚珠少于10个，其余52个组合获得大量饱满胚珠，初步表踢此法可作为东方百合系内杂 交通用授粉技术。不同胚抢救技术试验结果显示，授粉约70 d后采用切胚珠接种比胚珠直接接种的杂种胚萌动 快、萌发率高，而且前者的胚抢救效率也明显高于授粉40 d后的“剥胚式接种”。研究认为，授粉约70 d后采用“切 胚珠接种”可作为东方百合系内杂交通用胚抢救技术。 关键词：东方百合系内杂交；授粉技术；花粉管定向；胚抢救 中图分类号：Q944．43；Q813．1+2 文献标志码：A Study on the Pollination Methods and Embryo Rescue Techniques of the Crosses among Lilium Oriental Hybrids SHAO Yan91，WEN Weihual，CUI Jinten91，JIA Yuehui2，ZHANG Kezhon91+ (1 Landscape College，Beijing University of Agriculture，Beijing 102206，China；2 Plant Science and Technology College．Beijing U niversity of Agriculture，Beijing 102206，China) Abstract：The pollination methods and embryo rescue techniques of the crosses among Lili“m 0riental Hv— brids were studied．The results showed as follows：In‘Justina’בShela’combination，the D011en tubes were observed to grow normally downward in the pistils and target normally to the ovules when the normal sugma pollination method was used，but grow at random On the stylar cut and in the ovary while the cut— style pollination method was used．The longer style length was left，the more pollen tubes targeting to o— yules were 0bserved and the more plump seeds were produced．The highest numbers of plump seeds Were produced with the normal stigma pollination method．It was investigated that of the 5 6 cross combinations among Oriental Hybrids，one combination generated no plump ovule，three combinations generated fewer than 10 plump ovules and the rest 52 combinations generated lots of plump ovules．This indicated that the normal stigma pollination method could be employed as