波谱-研究生-13C核磁共振谱讲述.ppt

练习1： C5H7O2N 练习2： C6H10O 练习3： * At equilibrium, the net magnetization vector lies along the direction of the applied magnetic field Bo and is called the equilibrium magnetization Mo. In this configuration, the Z component of magnetization MZ equals Mo. MZ is referred to as the longitudinal magnetization. There is no transverse (MX or MY) magnetization here. It is possible to change the net magnetization by exposing the nuclear spin system to energy of a frequency equal to the energy difference between the spin states. If enough energy is put into the system, it is possible to saturate the spin system and make MZ=0. The time constant which describes how MZ returns to its equilibrium value is called the spin lattice relaxation time (T1). The equation governing this behavior as a function of the time t after its displacement is: Mz = Mo ( 1 - e-t/T1 ) T1 is therefore defined as the time required to change the Z component of magnetization by a factor of e. If the net magnetization is placed along the -Z axis, it will gradually return to its equilibrium position along the +Z axis at a rate governed by T1. The equation governing this behavior as a function of the time t after its displacement is: Mz = Mo ( 1 - 2e-t/T1 ) The spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) is the time to reduce the difference between the longitudinal magnetization (MZ) and its equilibrium value by a factor of e. * 第二章 13C核磁共振谱 第一节 基本原理 §1.1 几个重要概念 化学位移: 质子或其它种类的核，由于在分子中所处的化学环境不同，而在不同的共振磁场下显示吸收蜂的现象。 自旋偶合: 　　相邻的原子核可以通过中间媒介(电子云)而发生作用这一作用就叫自旋-自旋偶合作用(J-偶合).特点是通过化学键的间接作用. a:直接偶合，是A核的核磁矩和B核的核磁矩产生的直接的 偶极相互作用。 B:间接偶合，是A核的核磁矩和B核的核磁矩通过围绕在A 和B核外的电子云的间接传递作用，使A、B核磁矩产生 能量藕合。 c:偶合常数的存在 　 ?　在固体NMR谱中，这两种作用都存在。 ?　在液晶溶剂中，直接偶合有残余的剩数。 ? 在非粘溶液中由于分子的快速滚动，这种作用被平 　　均掉了，间接偶合（J偶合）是不会被平均掉的。 ★ 溶液NMR谱所呈现的多重峰——J偶合作用的结果。 C H C H H C 异核 J-coupling 同核 J-coupling JCH JHH 13C-NMR 核磁共振发展简介 13C-NMR 与1H-NMR核磁共振谱图比较 ?　相同点： I=1/2 不同点： （2）Resolution