6Human-machinesyteminterfacedesign讲稿.ppt

Chapter 6 Human-machine system interface design Human-machine information exchange system Outlines Visual Display Auditory Display Tactile display 触觉显示 Controls and Data Entry Devices Types of Displays Visual display Auditory display Tactile display 触觉显示 Different situation to the different types of displays, how? 显示方式 传递的信息特征 显示方式 传递的信息特征 视觉显示 1. 比较复杂、抽象的信息或含有科技术语的信息、文字、图表、公式等 2.传递的信息很长或需要延迟 3.需要方位、距离等空间状态说明的信息 4.以后有被引用可能的信息 5.所处环境不适合听觉传递的信息 6.适合听觉传递，但听觉负荷已很重的场合 7. 不需要急迫传递的信息 8. 传递的信息常须同时显示、监控 听觉显示 1.较短或无须延迟的信息 2.简单且要求快速传递的信息 3.视觉通道负荷过重的场合 4.所处环境不适合视觉通道传递的信息 触觉显示 1.视觉、听觉通道负荷过重的场合 2.使用视觉、听觉通道传递信息有困难的场合 3.简单并要求快速传递的信息 6.1 Visual displays Good visibility - you can easily and clearly see the displays. To attract attention visually, the display must be within your field of vision and should flash or change in some other way. Humans are very good at detecting movement. Good comprehension - you can make the correct decisions and control actions with minimum effort and delay, and with as few errors as possible, because you have understood the displayed information. Good compatibility - the display can be used easily with others and you are not confused by any different types used. It can easily be seen and understood in the space and lighting in which it is used. The movement and layout of displays matches those of their controls. Effective visual displays : Types of visual display Dials Dials have a graduated scale on which the indication of a value is shown by a pointer. Uses of Dynamic Information Quantitative reading Read a precise numeric value. “The pressure is 125 psi” Qualitative reading Read an approximate value to discern a trend ,rate of change, or change in direction “The pressure is rising” Checking reading Determine if parameters are within some “normal” bounds or that several parameters are equal “All pressure are normal” Situation awareness Perceive and attach meaning to elements in a volume of time and space and to project the status of the elements in