2.液體顆粒計數器的實驗設計.doc

液体颗粒计数器的实验设计 摘要：本论文主要设计研发一种液体颗粒计数器。颗粒计数器是一种测量液体中不溶的浓度，其浓度可以用颗粒的体积(质量)与液体的体积(质量)比表示。在实验中我们用体积比来表示浓度。根据Mie散射理论，设计了一种颗粒计数器的实验装置并进行了相关的实验研究，通过测量粒径为5um、10um、25um、76um的标准样品颗粒，测量结果基本准确。通过对测量结果地观察，分析了产生误差的原因并提出相应的改进意见。本论文的主要创新点有：第一，用凸透镜聚集散射光，用一个探测器接收，取代了环形探测器。第二，运用环形光阑收集一定角度范围内的散射光，利用这一角度范围内的光强来表示颗粒大小与光强的关系，避免使用空间多位探测器收集大角度的散射光。 关键词：米氏散射；激光粒度仪；颗粒计数器 Abstract：This paper mainly introduces a kind of liquid particle counter of experiments. Particle counter is a measure of liquid insoluble grain the concentration of the star, can use the volume of particles (quality) and the volume of liquid (quality) than said. In experiments with volume we board said. This paper mainly design developing a liquid particle counter, using laser light red point like do, according to the Mie scattering theory, collect certain angle within the scope of the scattering light, again through the photoelectric transforma- tion and calculated measured liquid size distribution. The reasonable design of the light path and the corresponding software, measuring the size for 5 um, 10 um, 25 um, 76 um standard sample particle results basic right. This experiment to the main innovation points: first, with a burning gathered scattering light, with a detectors receiving, replaced the annular detector, reduce the costs. Second, to collect certain Angle within the scope of the scattering the light, use this Angle within the scope of the light intensity to the particle size and light said strong relationship between, avoid to use the space probes collect more than large Angle scattering light, reduce the cost and reduce the size of the instrument. Key word: Mie scattering, laser particle size analyzer, particle counter 1.Mie散射理论 .1 Mie散射基本公式 (2.1.1) 式中r为点P到散射颗粒的距离、为散射角。称为散射强度函数，分别表示平行与垂直于散射面(由r和z定义的平面)的强度分量，可用散射振幅函数分别表为： (2.1.2) (2.1.3) 按Mie散射理论，散射振幅函数表达式为 (2.1.4) (2.1.5) 式中、为Mie散射系数，表达式为: (2.1