建筑构造概述详解.ppt

Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 门的开启方式 (a)平开门；(b)弹簧门；(c)推拉门；(d)折叠门；(e)转门 6.门与窗 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 　　窗按开启方式可分为平开窗、悬窗、立转窗、推拉窗、固定窗、百叶窗、滑轴窗、折叠窗等。 按开启分类 6.门与窗 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 窗的开启方式 6.门与窗 Company LOGO Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 建筑物的构造组成 3.楼板与地面 4.楼梯 5.屋顶 6.门与窗 1.基础 2.墙 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 1.基础 基础：是地下的承重构件，承受建筑物的全部荷载，并传给地基。 浅基础 1.单独基础 2.条形基础 3.筏板基础 4.箱形基础 5.壳体基础 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 1.基础 深基础 1.桩基础 2.地下连续墙 3.墩基础 4.沉井基础 5.沉箱基础 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 2.墙 体 （1）按墙体在建筑物中的位置分 　　墙体按在建筑物中的位置分，有外墙、内墙、窗间墙、窗下墙、女儿墙等。 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 2.墙 体 （2）按墙体方向分 　　墙体按方向分，有纵墙和横墙。纵墙指与房屋长轴方向一致的墙，而横墙则是与房屋短轴方向一致的墙。外横墙习惯上称为山墙。 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 2.墙 体 （3）按墙体受力情况分 　　墙体按受力情况可分为承重墙和非承重墙。 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 2.墙 体 墙的类型 1—纵向承重外墙；2—纵向承重内墙；3—横向承重内墙； 4—横向自承重外墙（山墙）；5—隔墙 Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Jiaotong University 2.墙 体 墙的细部构造 勒脚: 外墙外侧与室外地面接近的部位。 散水: 将雨水散开到离房屋较远的室外地面上去，是自由排水的形式。 踢脚板：室内地面与墙面相交处的构造处理。 Southwest Jiaotong