被动语态精练.doc

被动语态专练(2) 一、被动语态的构成和形式 1．构成： 助动词be＋及物动词的 _______ 。助动词be 随着主语的人称，数，时态和语气的不同而变化。 2．形式： 常见的被动语态形式如下(以teach为例)： (1)一般现在时： am/ is/ are＋taught (2)一般过去时： __________＋taught (3)一般将来时： will/ shall＋_____＋taught (4)含有情态动词： 情态动词＋be＋taught： 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法 1．把主动语态的 ________ 变为被动语态的主语； 2．把谓语变成被动结构 (be＋过去分词)； 3．把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 如： They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. 三、被动语态的特殊用法 1．不知道或在没有必要指出动作的执行者时，“by＋动作的执 行者”可以省略。如： I wont leave my office until my work is finished. 在我的工作被完成之前，我不会离开办公室。 2．不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态改为被动语 态时，不定式前要加 _____。如： They watched the children dance that morning. → The children were watched to dance that morning. 3．主动语态表被动含义 feel, look, appear, sound, taste, smell等由实义动词演变而 来的系动词，后接 _________ (形容词 / 副词)作表语，主 动语态表被动含义。如： Tell me if you feel cold.(你要是感到冷就告诉我。) 四不用于被动语态的动词或词组 happen / take place / come true / break down / belong to / sell well / write well / wash easily ┃专项训练┃ Ⅰ.把下列主动句改为被动句 1．His mother made him stay at home all day. He ____________________________________________ 2．Father gave me a toy at Christmas. 1) I _________________________________________ 2) A toy___________________________________. 3．This factory produces machine tools. Machine tools_____________________________________ 4．They should do the work at once. The work _______________________________________ 5．The parents named the child Li Ling. The child_________________________________________ 6 I often hear her sing in the next room. She____________________________. Ⅱ.单项选择 ( )1. [2012·遵义] Nick ________ a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didnt take it. A. offered　　 B. has offered C. was offered ( )2. —Do you like reading books? —Yes. Each of us ________ to do more reading in and after class. A. are encouraged B. encourage C. is encouraged D. is encouraging (