Engineering Fundamentals II Electrical circuits - resistive circuits.pptxVIP

Resistive Circuits Chapter 2 Resistors Through-hole, various power ratings Symbol Section 2.1: Ohm’s Law Power dissipated (W= J/s) Power dissipated (W = J/s) Resistance is the slope of the i-v plot Ohm’s law Passive sign convention! Conductance Definition of conductance, measured in Siemens Note: this is capitalized because it is the last name of a person, and the lower-case “s” is used for “seconds” Another expression of Ohm’s law Power dissipated (W = J/s) Variable Resistors Wiper Linear travel Adjustable R Short-circuit Open-circuit Resistor NODE: point where two, or more, elements are joined (e.g., big node 1) LOOP: A closed path that never goes twice over a node (e.g., the blue line) BRANCH: Component connected between two nodes (e.g., component R4) The red path is NOT a loop A node connects several components, but it does not hold any charge. The total current flowing into the node must be equal to total current out of the node Nodes, Branches, and Loops The sum of currents flowing into a node is equal to sum of currents flowing out of the node The algebraic sum of the currents leaving the node is zero The algebraic sum of the currents entering the node is zero Kirchhoff Current Law (KCL) A node is a point of connection of two or more circuit elements. It may be stretched out or compressed for visual purposes … but it is still a node Nodes Problem solving hint: KCL can be used to find a missing current KCL: sum of currents into node is zero Example: Nodes: a, b, c, d, e Branches: a-b, c-b, d-b, e-b Note: the fifth equation is the sum of the first four... it is redundant!!! Example: Write all KCL equations Find missing currents KCL depends only on the interconnection. The type of component is irrelevant. KCL depends only on the topology of the circuit. ? Topological Graph Write the KCL equations for this circuit The presence of a dependent source does not affect application of KCL. KCL depends only on the topology. The last equation is again linearly dep