The Relative Clauses.pptVIP

Task 3:关系代词：as,which 1.关系代词as用于引导限制性定语从句时，多数和such…as?和?the?same…as?连用,其中as是固定结构。 Is?it?the?same?hotel?as?you?stayed?in?last?summer? 这就是你们去年夏天住过的那家旅馆吗？ I?have?never?heard?such?a?story?as?he?told. 我从未听过他讲的这类故事。 2. as可引导非限制性从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，意思是“这一点”。这个分句可以放在句首，句中，或句末。常带有‘正如’。 As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. As is known, smoking is harmful to ones health. This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see. 例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。 若非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词是 含系动词的结构be said, be known,be expected, be reported , be announced等时，不论是在句首，句中， 句末，都必须as用来引导. e.g As is known to us, Taiwan is a part of China. as, which 非限定性定语从句? 　由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one‘s health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.　　典型例题　1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A. it　 B. that　 C. which　　D. he　 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。 2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what　B. which　C. that　D. it which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可用来引导定语从句。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。 3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park. A. that　B. which　　C. as　 D. it　　　 as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：　(1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。　(2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。　 在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。 Task 4: 关系副词引导的定语从句? 　 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。  where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which） This is the house where I lived two years ago. 如何选择关系词：　 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：　 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.　 I‘ll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错 （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.