特征提取_Part1_FeatExtr_pt1-2017s.pptxVIP

Introduction Zhigang Zhu, City College of New York zhu@cs.ccny.cuny.edu CSc I6716 Spring 2017 Image Enhancement Part I Feature Extraction (1) Introduction Zhigang Zhu, City College of New York zhu@cs.ccny.cuny.edu CSc I6716 Spring 2017 Image Enhancement Part I Feature Extraction (1) What are Image Features? Local, meaningful, detectable parts of the image. More Color Woes Squares with dots in them are the same color Topics Image Enhancement Brightness mapping Contrast stretching/enhancement Histogram modification Noise Reduction – next lecture ……... Mathematical Techniques Convolution Gaussian Filtering Edge and Line Detection and Extraction Region Segmentation Contour Extraction Corner Detection Image Enhancement Goal: improve the ‘visual quality’ of the image for human viewing for subsequent processing Two typical methods spatial domain techniques.... operate directly on image pixels frequency domain techniques.... operate on the Fourier transform of the image No general theory of ‘visual quality’ General assumption: if it looks better, it is better Often not a good assumption Spatial Domain Methods Transformation T point - pixel to pixel area - local area to pixel global - entire image to pixel Neighborhoods typically rectangular typically an odd size: 3x3, 5x5, etc centered on pixel I(x,y) Many IP algorithms rely on this basic notion I’(x,y) = T(I(x,y)) O=T(I) Point Transforms: General Idea O = T(I) Input pixel value, I, mapped to output pixel value, O, via transfer function T. Grayscale Transforms Photoshop ‘adjust curve’ command Input gray value I(x,y) Output gray value I’(x,y) Point Transforms: Brightness Point Transforms:Thresholding T is a point-to-point transformation only information at I(x,y) used to generate I’(x,y) Thresholding t=89 t 255 0 0 255 Point Transforms: Linear Stretch Linear Scaling Consider the case where the original image only utilizes a small subset of the full range of gray values: New image uses full range of gray values. Whats F?